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Energy Scenario in India 2018-19

Updated on 11th August 2020 by Dr. Sandip Chattopadhyay

1. Production and Consumption

Compound Annual Growth Rates (CAGR) of Production of Coal & Lignite in 2018-19 over 2009- 10 are 3.20% & 2.66% respectively whereas their consumption grew at 5.12% and 2.90% respectively during the same period.
The estimated total consumption of raw coal by industry has increased from 587.81 MT during 2009-10 to 968.25 MT during 2018-19 with a CAGR of 5.12%. Consumption of Raw Coal recorded annual growth of 7.76% during 2018-19 over 2017-18.
In case of Crude Oil and Natural Gas, during the period 2009-10 to 2018-19 the production recorded a CAGR of 0.15% and (-) 3.61% whereas consumption increased with a CAGR of 3.3% & 0.2% respectively.
The estimated consumption of crude oil has steadily increased from 186.55 MMT during 2009-10 to 257.20 MMT during 2018-19 with CAGR of 3.3%.
Industry wise off-take of natural gas shows that natural gas has been used both for Energy (62.17%) and Non-energy (37.83%) purposes.
During the period 2009-10 to 2018-19 , Gross Generation of Electricity increased by a CAGR of 5.49 %.
The estimated electricity consumption increased from 6,12,645 GWh during 2009-10 to 11,58,310 GWh during 2018-19, showing a CAGR of 6.6%.
As on 31.03.2019, all the villages (total = 5,97,464 as per 2011 census) were electrified as compared to 5,97,121 electrified villages on 31.03.2018 accounting for 100.0% electrification in the country.

2. Imports and Exports

Imports of the Coal during 2009-10 to 2018-19 increased at a CAGR of 12.37% whereas the Exports during the corresponding period decreased at(-) 6.06%.
India is highly dependent on import of crude oil. Imports of crude oil have increased from 159.26MTs during 2009-10 to 226.50 MTs during 2018-19. The import of Crude oil has registered a CAGR of 3.6 % during the mentioned period.
The import of natural gas has increased from 12.92 BCM in 2009-10 to 28.74 BCM in 2018-19, recording a CAGR of 8.3%.
The imports of petroleum products, during the period 2009-10 to 2017-18 increased at CAGR of 8.6%.
The CAGR of exports of petroleum products from 2009-10 to 2018-19 is 1.8 %. However, during 2018-19, exports witnessed decline of 8.6% from the previous year 2017-18. Highlights of Energy Sector 2018-19 ENERGY STATISTICS 2020.
For electricity, the net imports witnessed significant decline in last three years i.e. from 2016-17 to 2018-19. The exports have shown robust increase at CAGR of 55.2% during 2009-10 to 2018-19 whereas the imports registered a decline with CAGR of 1.4%.

3. Usage of Energy

The maximum energy intensive sector was industrial sector accounting about 56% of total energy consumption followed by transport (10%) and residential (9.14%).
The consumption of energy in peta joules from Coal and Lignite was highest which accounted for about 46.8% of the total consumption during 2018-19 followed by Crude Oil (33.2%) and Electricity (12.9%).
While Per Capita consumption of energy has consistently increased during the years 2011-12 to 2018-19 with a CAGR of 2.30%, energy consumed for producing one unit of Gross Domestic Product has decreased during the period (CAGR (-) 1.92%).

Source: Ministry of Statistics, Govt. of India.